Calculation Of Specific Gravity

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 Calculation Of Specific Gravity:-
The Specific Gravity (it is also written as sp.gr.) of a substance is the ratio of the weight of a given volume of the substance to the weight of an equal volume of some standard substance (which is taken as water at 4degreeC)

Obviously it is a pure number and processes no dimensions.

Hence the Specific gravity of a substance

=(the weight of volume  v   of the substance)/(the weight of volume   v  of the standard substance)

=(the weight of a unit volume of the substance)/(the weight of a unit volume of the standard substance)

=(the mass of a unit volume of the substance)/(the mass of a unit volume of the standard substance)     (as weight=mass*g)

=(the density of the substance)/(the density of standard substance)

This is the final step for Specific Gravity.  



True specific gravity can be expressed mathematically as:
SG_\text{true} = \frac {\rho_\text{sample}}{\rho_{\rm H_2O}}
where \rho_\text{sample}\, is the density of the sample and \rho_{\rm H_2O} is the density of water.
The apparent specific gravity is simply the ratio of the weights of equal volumes of sample and water in air:
SG_\text{apparent} = \frac {W_{A_\text{sample}}}{W_{A_{\rm H_2O}}}
where W_{A_\text{sample}} represents the weight of sample and W_{A_{\rm H_2O}} the weight of water, both measured in air.
It can be shown that true specific gravity can be computed from different properties:



SG_\text{true} = \frac {\rho_\text{sample}}{\rho_{\rm H_2O}} = \frac {(m_\text{sample}/V)}{(m_{\rm H_2O}/V)} = \frac {m_\text{sample}}{m_{\rm H_2O}} \frac{g}{g} = \frac {W_{V_\text{sample}}}{W_{V_{\rm H_2O}}}




where g is the local acceleration due to gravity, V is the volume of the sample and of water (the same for both), {\rho_\text{sample}} is the density of the sample, \rho_{\rm H_2O} is the density of water and W_V represents a weight obtained in vacuum.


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